Abstract
Title: Från Donald Trump till Kylie Jenners Baby Bump
Authors: Gabriel Persson and Mona Kaveh
Subject: Undergraduate research paper in journalism studies, Dept. of journalism, media and communication (JMG) Gothenburg University
Term: Fall 2017
Supervisor: Marina Ghersetti, JMG Gothenburg University,
Pages/words: The study is 14 410 words and 34 pages
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze how news headlines by ten big American news organizations is portrayed and presented on the smartphone application Snapchat’s Discover page in comparison with the corresponding website.
Method: Quantitative content analysis
Procedure: In total, we collected and analyzed 681 news headlines from two different platforms from 16 November 2017 to 24 November 2017. 321 news from Snapchat and 360 from the corresponding website were collected and later operationalized. The result is first presented in different charts and ends with a summary of the finding.
Results: The result showed that news was presented in a different way on Snapchat compared to the corresponding website. The result also showed that different news organization presented their news in different ways when compared to each other. Other finding were that the news organizations news values differed depending on which platform they published the news.
Key words: news, Snapchat, news values, social media, convergence, media economy

Abstract
Purpose
Under the year of 2017 could everybody follow the news about the Swedish government’s outsourcing of Transportstyrelsen’s IT operations. Somewhere the procurement had gone wrong and confidential information had been compromised. But when it comes to news covering IT the main substance tend to be forgotten and in this case the politics got a big coverage instead.
The question raised, how does the news media reporting looks like when it comes to IT news.
Is the topic really about IT or do they tend to be about something else?
Methods and materials
To find the answer we made a quantitative content analysis. In the analysis we examined the four biggest daily press in Sweden: Aftonbladet, Dagens Nyheter, Expressen and Svenska Dagbladet. We studied what they had published about Transportstyrelsen under its first month of the covering, from 7 July. Our material consisted by the newspaper news articles that were
published on paper, meaning that we did not investigate the daily press coverage online, nor did we examine opinion material like editorials.
To our help we use the framing theory, the Swedish journalism mission with orientation to inform the public, early studies about speculations, news value and news angling. From this we created a coding scheme that we used to examine the articles. During the decoding of our material we sat together and discussed all the uncertainties. Everything that was worth to note
we put down in writing.
Results and conclusions
In our findings, we observed that the news covering of Transportstyrelsen was lined with political aspects. Almost half of the news articles concerned IT security one way or another, but only in nine articles could you find what consequences it had for the public. It was a lot more
articles about the aftermath, the political game and the authority. Mostly the news reporting tend toward issue framing, even though the political aspects primarily was depicted as game framing. Even speculations were about the political and general consequences over security consequences.
Keywords: IT, the transport agency, IT leak, IT scandal, the Swedish government crisis, news reporting, framing, the journalism mission, speculations, news value, news angling
Nyckelord: IT, Transportstyrelsen, IT-läckan, IT-skandalen, Regeringskrisen,
Nyhetsrapportering, gestaltning, det journalistiska uppdraget, spekulationer, nyhetsvärdering, nyhetsvinkling

Abstract
The online news cycle is seemingly only growing more rapid. This in turn is paving the way for harsher competition in reaching the readers. This fast-paced environment naturally increases the risk for more errors to occur, but also presents the opportunity for instant corrections. The available research within the area of online news media errors and corrections is limited, even more so on the topic of source opinion in contrast to that of the
journalists. In this study, we investigate Swedish journalists’ and sources’ views on the matter using semi-structured interviews. The results emphasise the contrasts between those who report and those who feed the information. One finding we found particularly interesting was that the journalists we interviewed tended to view texts as ongoing projects that develop as events unfold. As we will show this could potentially have profound implications for verification and what constitutes an error. Given the complexity and the diversity of errors,
our research has clarified ways in which journalists can perceive their own mistakes. The more severe errors can either have consequences for innocent people or affect society as a whole. Among the sources there is widespread agreement that news media have to implement correction policies online as a way of sustaining its credibility, so at the very least, it is clear and transparent for readers to notice when errors occur.
Keywords: journalism, sources, errors, corrections, immediacy, credibility, accountability
Nyckelord:  journalistik, källor, felaktigheter, rättningar, omedelbarhet, trovärdighet, ansvarighet

ABSTRACT
Titel: Den utländska skölden – En kvalitativ intervjustudie om kvinnliga frilansjournalisters i
Mexikos yrkeserfarenheter
Author: Lisa Axelsson
Tutor: Gabriella Sandstig
Number of pages: 51
Number of words: 24 215
Course: Bachelor thesis, Journalism
Period: Fall 2017
University: Dept. of Journalism, Media and Communication, Unviersity of Gothenburg
Purpose/Aim: The aim of the study is to map and analyze the working conditions, limitations and possiblities for female freelance journalists in Mexico.
Material/Method: This thesis is based upon semi-structured deep-interviews with seven female journalists who work for different kinds of media, with different background and different nationalities. The interviews are based on theories about self-cersorship, gender, intersectionality, the freedom of freelanece journalists and the integrity of journalists.
Main results: By analysing the answers of my respondents I have concluded that the main possibility with the working conditions of female freelance journalists in Mexico is their flexibility. As long as they feel like they are somewhat financially and physically safe, they can do the type of journalism they prefer. Female freelance journalists are however limited by the
financial scarcity of media world wide, which often don’t pay them enough and offer lacking support. The worst case seems to be with the Mexican media, who not only pay bad but often also censor a lot of reporting due to corruption. Freelancers are therefore reluctant to work with Mexican media, and Mexican freelance journalist preferably turn to work for foreign new agencies who also offer better conditions in terms of safety.
Another finding of this study is that female freelance journalist are less likely to have experience of harassing comments, threats and violence related to their work compared to regular journalist in both Mexico and Sweden. This is probably due to a mixture of freelance journalist being harder to track, that working with globally known news outlets comes with a certain safety,
and that the freelance journalists in the area rarely dig as deep as local journalists do in sensitive subjects. However, sexual harassment is a big part of the every day life.
Keywords: Mexico, journalism, freelancer, females, feminism, genus, intersectionality, selfcensorship, sexual harassment, ideals.

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the underlying causes of whether young students (age 17-19) who study the program with a journalistic focus at a gymnasium level of education will or will not continue on with a journalistic career. These causes will explain the reasons and doubts that our interviewees hold, which will further indicate the ideas and preconceptions of active journalists that constitute the journalistic business field. This information is valuable for the purpose of trying to examine why Swedish professional journalists are proven to be a homogenous group.
A large amount of quantitative research shows that Swedish professional journalists are similar to each other in a remarkable number of categories. They tend to geographically situate themselves in the same areas, hold the same political views, share similar interests in leisure activities and they come from backgrounds of academic capital, culture and financial stability. Research has also found homogeneity among journalism students at Swedish Universities and Community Colleges. In order to contribute to this research we wished to establish if there are similar traits of homogeneity among students at a gymnasium level of education who have chosen a journalistic orientation in their study.
We created a semi-structured interview scheme through which we asked questions regarding the interviewees’ social background, free time activities, aspirations for the future, perception of journalists and the specific industry etc. The interviews were done in focus groups with three students in each group.
To aid in understanding the results we obtained from the interviews, we used sociologist Pierre Bourdieu’s theories on habitus, cultural capital, social age and conflicts between generations at the modern labor market. These theories were used to analyze why some students choose not to follow their original plan to become a journalist, what social traits seemed to be crucial in order to maintain belief in the possibility of entering the field and, surprisingly, why the profession was designated as outdated by the majority of the study’s participants.
What we can present from our research indicates a large variation of aspects that may add to the explanation as to why some social groups in society are absent from the journalism profession. Our research indicates trends and indicative results but not any generalizable conclusions. We can thus variegate the idea of the profession being exclusionary as our results show a limited interest in becoming a journalist. Modern titles that include a heavy emphasis on social media, such as PR-consultant or communicator, attract more attention than the more traditional role of a journalist.
Key words: homogeneity, habitus, cultural capital, professional identity, adolescence, gymnasium, representation
Nyckelord: homogenitet, habitus, kulturellt kapital, yrkesidentitet, ungdom, gymnasium, representation

Abstract
When crown princess Victoria of Sweden becomes queen, she will be the first to do so in accordance to the new (well it was implemented in the 1980’s) order of gender neutral succession. The royal family is under constant watch from the media, and especially so the regent. Newspapers, magazines, websites and tv-shows are all producers of material related to the royal family, which ranges from formal inaugurations to weddings and loose gossip. In the midst of all this is a public relations department within the royal court which serves to make sure that the royal family is correctly represented. This causes for an interesting dynamic in which information, and foremost, images of the members are shared to the world through both media and the royal court.
The information that is shared of the royal family has the potential to recreate and spread stereotypical gender roles as the institution of the court is one connected to tradition and history of patriarchy. This study focuses on the portrayal of royal women in media based on crown princess Victoria’s 2009 engagement to Daniel Westling. By analyzing two videos from the engagement: one produced by the royal court and one produced by news bureau TT, we attempt to discover how Victoria is portrayed in regards to her role as a future regent and that of a daughter and wife.
Our study finds that Victoria is portrayed as inferior to the participating men in the announcements, mostly to her father, the king, but also to her new husband, foremost due to shorter speaking time, and the order in which she speaks. We can also see that while the news bureau is more actively sending out a misrepresentation of gender to the public, the royal court are the ones creating the majority of the stereotypes and images by how they are
orchestrating the engagement.
Keywords: Monarchy, Women, Gender roles, Crown princess Victoria, Daniel Westling, Marriage, Engagement.

Abstract
Title: “Do we need to move now?” A qualitative content analysis of what
frightens and what calms children in the news report on terrorist attacks.
Author: Hanna Carlsson and Charlotte Dahlberg
Subject: Undergraduate research paper in Journalism studies, Dept. Of
Journalism, media and communication (JMG) Gothenburg University
Term: Autumn 2017
Supervisor: Gabriella Sandstig
Number of pages: 58
Purpose: The purpose of the study is to find out what frightens and calms
children when it comes to reporting on terrorist attacks.
Method: Qualitative analysis
Material: Transmissions from Lilla Aktuellt, Lilla Aktuellt Skola and Nyheter i
Barnradion. Also an article and a chronicle from Kamratposten.
Main Results: How news about terrorism is presented is important. When a terrorist act occurs geographically or culturally close to Sweden, the surveillance is often intensive and the focus is to quickly get information. In our work we have chosen to focus on reporting on terrorism attacks, as something that has come closer to Sweden in recent years and as late
as in spring in Stockholm when five people, one who was a child, died. We have chosen to specifically look at how terrorist attacks are reported for children. The purpose is to look at what in news reporting on terrorist acts made for children what scares and what creates security. We have focused on two terrorist attacks. The terror attack in Stockholm, April 7,
2017 and the Terror council in Paris between 13-14 November 2015. We chose to review Lilla Aktuellt (TV), Nyheter i Barnradion (Radio) and Kamratposten (Newspaper) to find material from the various media.
In order to operationalize our purpose, we asked four research questions: How is the event described? How are terror and terrorism described? How is identification and cultural community created through the news report on terrorist councils? Who and what sources can be heard – and in what way?
Lilla Aktuellt and Nyheter i Barnradion published about the same amount of scary and calming materials. However, Lilla Aktuellt was better at making follow-ups and calming at a later stage. The Kamratposten, which published one material during each terrorist council, could not therefore be compared to the other media. Through a qualitative analysis we found that the first broadcasts were always the most scary. Much information would be conveyed, but they did not take much time to explain concepts and create security. The broadcasts that followed then focused more on explaining, giving the feeling that everything would soon return to normal and that we would get stronger from this.
What both created the most fear and security was through identification with the children who spoke in the various media. Feeling the children worried was often a sense of fear while the children who were calm conveyed a feeling of security.
Keywords: Terror, Fear, Child, Security, Calm, Lilla Aktuellt, Nyheter i Barnradion, Kamratposten