Abstract
Title: Män, ändå… – En kvantitativ innehållsanalys av könsrepresentation i svenska dagstidningars opinionsjournalistik.
Authors: Olof Svahn and Linus Dahlbäck.
Subject: Undergraduate research paper in journalism studies, Dept. of journalism, media and communication (JMG) Gothenburg University.
Term: Autumn 2017.
Supervisor: Tomas Odén, JMG, Gothenburg University.
Pages/words: 53 pages / 15 260 words.
Purpose: How are men and women represented in the opinion journalism of some Swedish newspapers? This is the central and most important question for this study, and it serves as the foundation for the study’s purpose. To investigate the distribution of men and women in opinion journalism we applied gender theory; specifically male-normative structures and
gender typing. Other aspects that were investigated were to what extent male and female journalists write about different subjects, and/or about men and women.
Method: Quantitative content analysis.
Procedure: 992 articles from 15 daily newspapers were coded and analysed from the perspective of gender theory and media and democracy theory.
Results: The distribution of men and women in the opinion journalism of some of Sweden’s newspapers is uneven, with 65 per cent of writers being men and 35 per cent being women.
Our results also point to gender typing, where men tend to write about subjects like politics, finance, and sports. On the contrary, women wrote more about social questions and health care, education and caring. Both men and women tended to write more about their own gender; however women wrote more frequently about men than men did about women.
Key Words: Opinionsjournalistik; Jämställdhet; Ledare; Krönika; Könsmärkning; Kvantitativ Innehållsanalys; Dagstidningar; Kvällstidningar; Lokaltidningar; Opinion Journalism; Gender Typing; Quantitative Content Analysis.

Abstract
The purpose of this study has been to investigate who writes what in a modern online commenting forum. In an ever changing digital world there are certain themes that reoccur in the public debate. One of those is the question about uncivility and impoliteness online. In Sweden alone our government has started an initiative to end threats and hate speech in the online world. This is in no way a problem that only materializes in the newsrooms, but it is a problem there as well. Online commenting forums have long been described as a culprit in this story. Theories about anonymousness and certain demographic traits playing a role in the uncivility debate have made its way all around the world, based on our research. So we wanted to ask ourselves – what is the online climate like in Sweden, by many described as an online haven for our rigorous laws protecting our freedom of speech and information?
In order to figure this out we decided to do a quantitative content analysis and investigate 900 comments posted in the commenting boards of the largest morning newspaper in Sweden Dagens Nyheter during October 3rd to November 12th. They hired a new startup company called Ifrågasätt which purpose is to sell their commenting forums to newspapers around the country, based on the idea that they will themselves clear the commenting boards of any uncivility and upsetting content.
Of the 900 comments we coded the majority of them were found to be polite. We found that men are the most likely to comment in these forums, and that the anonymous group was larger than the amount of women commenting. We also found that the most amount of comments were posted in the “Culture” section of the newspaper. A vast majority of the comments in total were also written towards the journalist or writer rather than the fellow commenters. We find that our study could in many ways be generalizable on other similar online commenting forums in order to investigate politeness in the online sphere.
Key words: online commenting forums, politeness online, anonymity online, Ifrågasätt,
Dagens Nyheter, newspapers online.

Abstract
In october 2017 the almost institutionalized Book fair in Gothenburg decided to let the right wing magazine “Nya Tider” participate and spread its message during the event. At the same time, neonazis planned a demonstration and as a result, a lot of the authors participating in the book fair signed a petition as a protest against the decision. There was a discussion about a “normalization” of right wing nationalist ideas for which both the organizers behind the book fair and the media got the blame.
This essay tries to reveal if there is a difference when it comes to position regarding neo-nazi ideas in the two biggest Swedish newspapers by comparing the reports about this event to a similar one that took place in Stockholm 20 years before. In 1997 a group of neo-nazis performed
a manifestation aiming to celebrate the anniversary of the november 1938 pogrome. It was the first openly anti semitic manifestation in Sweden since the second world war. We also wish to explore whether there are differences in the portrayal of neo-nazis, counter demonstrators and police and in the portrayal of the very ideology. By using critical discourse analysis (CDA) and
ideology criticism we seek to unveil both hidden and explicit positions taken regarding neo-nazis and their ideology.
We came to the conclusion that while opinion based texts such as chronicles took a strong stand against neo-nazism in both cases, the news reports, which normally aims to be objective and dispassionate, took a much heavier stand in 2017. The neo-nazis are described more as brutes and revoltic youth in 1997 while they are a more serious threat to democratic values in 2017 and looked upon with more austerity. Counter demonstrators are portrayed as brutes in much the same way as their counter-part in 1997 but as peaceful and democratic citizens in 2017. The police are described as clumsy and incompetent in 1997 and quite the opposite during the demonstration in
2017. The neo-nazi ideology is, as is the neo-nazis themselves, portrayed in a much more serious manner in 2017 and the latter event is allowed more space in the newspapers.
Keywords: neo-nazism, the NMR demonstration in Gothenburg, the celebration of the novermber pogrome, swedish daily press, ideology, standpoint, critical discourse analysis.
Nyckelord: nynazism, NMR-demonstrationen i Göteborg, firandet av kristallnatten, svensk dagspress, ideologi, ställningstagande, kritisk diskursanalys.

Abstract The aim of this study is to compare the differences in the publication of personal information in Ubåtsfallet between Swedish and Danish press. Furthermore we want to study differences between the publication of personal information in morning papers and tabloid regarding Ubåtsfallet. We also wish to examine which selection of people and aspects themes that constitutes the reporting. The method used in this study is content analysis. The material consists of articles from two Swedish and two Danish newspapers during a 30 day period. The aim is to examine the frequency of published personal information and to look at the narrative technique regarding the crime journalism. The conclusions drawn are that Swedish and Danish media are quite similar regarding this issue but that the Swedish media are more prone to publishing personal information regarding the suspected perpetrator and victim than their Danish counterparts. Furthermore we see that the suspected perpetrator and the police are the selection of people that are mentioned most frequently. The criminal investigation and the search work are the most prominent themes in the study.

Abstract
Title: Native journalism? En intervjustudie om de verktyg och ideal som före detta journalister tar med sig in i native advertisingyrket
Authors: Elisa Amorelli & Sofia Hårdänge
Subject: Undergraduate research paper in journalism studies,
Department of journalism, media and communication (JMG), University of Gothenburg
Term: Autumn 2017
Supervisor: Oscar Westlund, JMG, University of Gothenburg Pages/words: 48/ 18 957 (including abstract and appendix).
Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to examine how native advertisers applicate journalistic processes and ideals in their current profession.
Method and material: Qualitative in-depth interviews with six Swedish native advertisers, representing the three bureaus Spoon, Wasp and Schibsted Brand Studios. The interviews were carried out in November of 2017.
Procedure: Semi-structured interviews was carried out with six former journalists whom are currently working as native advertisers at three different bureaus in Sweden. The interviews were thereafter transcribed and analyzed based on Domingos´ et. al. (2008) five steps of journalism practice, and Wiiks´ (2012) analysis regarding ideals among Swedish journalists.
Results: It was identified that native advertisers both challenged and reproduced journalism practices and ideals. The main difference expressed by the respondents was that the customer had a large influence over the final product, regarding what would be produced, which topics would be on the agenda as well as which ideals would be incorporated.
Key words: Native advertising, journalistic ideals, journalism practices, media
commercialization.
Nyckelord: Native advertisingproducenter, journalistiska ideal, journalistisk process, mediernas kommersialisering.

Abstract
Title: Från Donald Trump till Kylie Jenners Baby Bump
Authors: Gabriel Persson and Mona Kaveh
Subject: Undergraduate research paper in journalism studies, Dept. of journalism, media and communication (JMG) Gothenburg University
Term: Fall 2017
Supervisor: Marina Ghersetti, JMG Gothenburg University,
Pages/words: The study is 14 410 words and 34 pages
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze how news headlines by ten big American news organizations is portrayed and presented on the smartphone application Snapchat’s Discover page in comparison with the corresponding website.
Method: Quantitative content analysis
Procedure: In total, we collected and analyzed 681 news headlines from two different platforms from 16 November 2017 to 24 November 2017. 321 news from Snapchat and 360 from the corresponding website were collected and later operationalized. The result is first presented in different charts and ends with a summary of the finding.
Results: The result showed that news was presented in a different way on Snapchat compared to the corresponding website. The result also showed that different news organization presented their news in different ways when compared to each other. Other finding were that the news organizations news values differed depending on which platform they published the news.
Key words: news, Snapchat, news values, social media, convergence, media economy

Abstract
Purpose
Under the year of 2017 could everybody follow the news about the Swedish government’s outsourcing of Transportstyrelsen’s IT operations. Somewhere the procurement had gone wrong and confidential information had been compromised. But when it comes to news covering IT the main substance tend to be forgotten and in this case the politics got a big coverage instead.
The question raised, how does the news media reporting looks like when it comes to IT news.
Is the topic really about IT or do they tend to be about something else?
Methods and materials
To find the answer we made a quantitative content analysis. In the analysis we examined the four biggest daily press in Sweden: Aftonbladet, Dagens Nyheter, Expressen and Svenska Dagbladet. We studied what they had published about Transportstyrelsen under its first month of the covering, from 7 July. Our material consisted by the newspaper news articles that were
published on paper, meaning that we did not investigate the daily press coverage online, nor did we examine opinion material like editorials.
To our help we use the framing theory, the Swedish journalism mission with orientation to inform the public, early studies about speculations, news value and news angling. From this we created a coding scheme that we used to examine the articles. During the decoding of our material we sat together and discussed all the uncertainties. Everything that was worth to note
we put down in writing.
Results and conclusions
In our findings, we observed that the news covering of Transportstyrelsen was lined with political aspects. Almost half of the news articles concerned IT security one way or another, but only in nine articles could you find what consequences it had for the public. It was a lot more
articles about the aftermath, the political game and the authority. Mostly the news reporting tend toward issue framing, even though the political aspects primarily was depicted as game framing. Even speculations were about the political and general consequences over security consequences.
Keywords: IT, the transport agency, IT leak, IT scandal, the Swedish government crisis, news reporting, framing, the journalism mission, speculations, news value, news angling
Nyckelord: IT, Transportstyrelsen, IT-läckan, IT-skandalen, Regeringskrisen,
Nyhetsrapportering, gestaltning, det journalistiska uppdraget, spekulationer, nyhetsvärdering, nyhetsvinkling

Abstract
The online news cycle is seemingly only growing more rapid. This in turn is paving the way for harsher competition in reaching the readers. This fast-paced environment naturally increases the risk for more errors to occur, but also presents the opportunity for instant corrections. The available research within the area of online news media errors and corrections is limited, even more so on the topic of source opinion in contrast to that of the
journalists. In this study, we investigate Swedish journalists’ and sources’ views on the matter using semi-structured interviews. The results emphasise the contrasts between those who report and those who feed the information. One finding we found particularly interesting was that the journalists we interviewed tended to view texts as ongoing projects that develop as events unfold. As we will show this could potentially have profound implications for verification and what constitutes an error. Given the complexity and the diversity of errors,
our research has clarified ways in which journalists can perceive their own mistakes. The more severe errors can either have consequences for innocent people or affect society as a whole. Among the sources there is widespread agreement that news media have to implement correction policies online as a way of sustaining its credibility, so at the very least, it is clear and transparent for readers to notice when errors occur.
Keywords: journalism, sources, errors, corrections, immediacy, credibility, accountability
Nyckelord:  journalistik, källor, felaktigheter, rättningar, omedelbarhet, trovärdighet, ansvarighet

ABSTRACT
Titel: Den utländska skölden – En kvalitativ intervjustudie om kvinnliga frilansjournalisters i
Mexikos yrkeserfarenheter
Author: Lisa Axelsson
Tutor: Gabriella Sandstig
Number of pages: 51
Number of words: 24 215
Course: Bachelor thesis, Journalism
Period: Fall 2017
University: Dept. of Journalism, Media and Communication, Unviersity of Gothenburg
Purpose/Aim: The aim of the study is to map and analyze the working conditions, limitations and possiblities for female freelance journalists in Mexico.
Material/Method: This thesis is based upon semi-structured deep-interviews with seven female journalists who work for different kinds of media, with different background and different nationalities. The interviews are based on theories about self-cersorship, gender, intersectionality, the freedom of freelanece journalists and the integrity of journalists.
Main results: By analysing the answers of my respondents I have concluded that the main possibility with the working conditions of female freelance journalists in Mexico is their flexibility. As long as they feel like they are somewhat financially and physically safe, they can do the type of journalism they prefer. Female freelance journalists are however limited by the
financial scarcity of media world wide, which often don’t pay them enough and offer lacking support. The worst case seems to be with the Mexican media, who not only pay bad but often also censor a lot of reporting due to corruption. Freelancers are therefore reluctant to work with Mexican media, and Mexican freelance journalist preferably turn to work for foreign new agencies who also offer better conditions in terms of safety.
Another finding of this study is that female freelance journalist are less likely to have experience of harassing comments, threats and violence related to their work compared to regular journalist in both Mexico and Sweden. This is probably due to a mixture of freelance journalist being harder to track, that working with globally known news outlets comes with a certain safety,
and that the freelance journalists in the area rarely dig as deep as local journalists do in sensitive subjects. However, sexual harassment is a big part of the every day life.
Keywords: Mexico, journalism, freelancer, females, feminism, genus, intersectionality, selfcensorship, sexual harassment, ideals.