Kategoriarkiv: Journalistikgranskning

Digitalisering och nyhetsvärdering

This bachelor dissertation is a quantitative comparative study of the effects of digitalization on journalism in Swedish quality press and tabloid press. We have studied specifically whether the difference between the Swedish quality press and tabloid press is the same regardless of the publishing platform, comparing paper and desktop. We have been studying the front pages of Sweden’s biggest quality press newspaper Dagens Nyheter and the biggest tabloid press newspaper Aftonbladet, with a main focus on the kind of subjects presented in different newspapers and how they are presented. We have analysed in total 842 articles and front page teasers over the course of one week roughly a month prior to this publication. Our main results line up with earlier studies which bear some resemblance to our own in that the differences between both newspapers in print are quite small, but that there seems to be even less of a difference between the online versions. From looking at the top news stories the differences we can see is mostly in the form of presentation and not so much in the news room’s subject choices.

”Allt handlar om korruption, brott, demonstrationer och om diktatorn Putin”

Title: ”It’s all about corruption, crimes, demonstrations and the dictator Putin” A quantitative study of Dagens Nyheters coverage of the Soviet union and Russia. Authors: Axel Bjurklint & Simon Löfving Subject: Undergraduate research paper in journalism studies Location: Dept of journalism, media and communication (JMG) University of Gothenburg Number of pages:50 Background: Today there is an ongoing debate between Swedish journalists on how they are portraying Russia. And there are severe differences between their opinions. Soviet and Russia´s actions has always concerned Sweden. And affected Swedish politics. Purpose: The main purpose was to examine how the Swedish newspaper Dagens Nyheter has been portraying Soviet and Russia over time. Further, explaining why the media image has changed or how it has been upheld. Method: A quantitative content analysis of Dagens Nyheter using a digital search string designed to short out all the news concerning Russia in March 2003 & 2013. The articles from 1983 & 1993 were collected from the press archive in the library of Gothenburg university. The total amount of articles: 131. The articles were coded and registrated in the statistic program SPSS with 21 different variables. Results: The media image has been continuously negative from 1983 to 2013. Only eight percent of all the articles in this study have been positive. The results might be explained by Sweden’s interest in portraying Soviet and Russia as their cultural and political antithesis.

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”Det är aldrig roligt att se ett mästarlag i spillror”

Swedish sports journalism are often criticized of giving too much attention to teams from big cities in general, and particularly to teams from Stockholm. It´s also a given in sports journalism that a good performance, like a victory in an import game, should result in some media attention. But what happens when these two criteria is opposed against each other? What is most important according to Swedish sports writers; the team from the big city or the winning team? We made a quantitative content analysis on the last ten seasons, 2005 – 2014, of the top Swedish football league, Allsvenskan. But our interest was not to examine every match; our analysis is based on every match where the big city team has lost to a smaller team. During these ten seasons 241 games were played where a smaller team wins against a big city team. We have studied Aftonbladets main article from all these games and, with help from certain theoretical tools, been deciding which team has got the main role in the article. We have been studying the headlines of the articles and which team that it is mainly referring to. Adding to this we’ve also been studying who is quoted in the entrance of the article. We have been analyzing the article picture to decide which team has the main role in it. We have also decided if the article is about one specific person or about the team. By comparing our results with older studies we can say that Aftonbladet gives losing big city teams much more attention than other losing teams. Almost more than half of the headlines focuses on the losing big city team. That number should be put in comparison to older studies saying that Aftonbladet focuses on the winning team in 79 per cent of the main articles. It seems that Aftonbladet thinks it´s at least as important to be a big city club as it is to win the game. We can also show that it´s more common that an article has a one-person-angle when it´s focused on the winning smaller team. It seems that a smaller team depends more on having big name players in their squad to get attention than big city teams have. Being located close to Aftonbladets office in Stockholm is a factor that seems to be important if you are a smaller team and wants attention. The teams that have the toughest time to get attention are located far from Stockholm. They have quite the same results during the last ten seasons as many teams closer to Stockholm but doesn´t get close to the same amount of attention. We can also show that a team that has been successful over a certain amount of time has a better chance of getting media attention, regardless where in Sweden they are located. It seems though that the smaller team has to have been successful in the later years. It doesn´t seem to be enough to have won the league two times in the last 20 years to get attention.

Filmrecensioner och personerna bakom dem – journalister eller något annat?

Title: Filmrecensioner och personerna bakom dem – journalister eller något annat? Deras egna röster om yrket, PR & oundviklig reklam inom branschen 2014 Authors: Emelie Andréasson and Gustaf Dominicus Subject: Undergraduate research paper in journalism studies, Dept of journalism, media and communication (JMG), Gothenburg University Term: Fall of 2014 Supervisor: Mathias A. Färdigh, JMG, Gothenburg University Purpose: Our main focuses were the following points – How does a film critic work? How does the film critics view themselves – as journalists or mere writers? Do they work according to the same ethics as other journalists? – What kind of films do they review? What kind of films do they not review? And why? – How do film critics and their editors think regarding the form of the film reviews? Do they spice up their writing in order to get more people to read their film reviews and to get much needed attention online? – Is there an existing cooperation between the film critics/their editors and the PR sector? If there is – how does it work? And, how does it affect the film reviews? Method: Quantative analysis and qualitative analysis Procedure: We have conducted one web survey and eight in-depth interviews with film critics. Results: We found that different film critics work in different ways. Some are employed and work for larger news papers and some work as freelancers. What connects them all is that they get films to review appointed to them, they rarely choose film themselves. Their editor has the final say. Some have backgrounds as journalists and most definitely see themselves as such. Some have degrees in other areas and therefore do not regard themselves a journalists. All agree that they are allowed to speak their mind more freely than other journalists as reviewing films is their job. Even so, all report that they keep rules such as ethics in mind during their line of work. The films they review are mostly the ones that hits the theaters. Some also review new dvd releases.

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KVINNLIG SJÄLVTÄNKARE REGERAR MED FAX

In this study we have looked at medias portrayal of Margot Wallström with the ambition to explore how female polititicans are portrayed in Swedish media. We have done this by a critical discourse analysis on articles from the two biggest daily- and evening papers in Sweden, with a total of 16 articles. We have stood upon the theoretical foundation consisting of gender research, media effects research and discourse research. The gender research has given us explanations and manifestations of the difference between the media portrayal of men and women. The research on media effects has been our way to firmly establish the relevance of our study in a societal perspective. And lastly, the research on discourses has given us the understanding and the tools to go through with our study. To ascertain how gender is portrayed, in the portrayal of Margot Wallström in Swedish media, we developed three analytic themes to apply on our material. Those themes are The Mans Favorite, which focuses on Margot Wallströms private and professional relationships, The Female Self-Thinker, which focuses on her role as a politician, and Politician and Mother, which focuses on her role as a mother. We found that Margot Wallström through her career as a politician has travelled from the role as a mother to the role of a politician. Her family and the matters of her private life has been all over the Swedish press over the years, and her personality has been a big part of the description of her as a politician. Although she is not explicitly mentiones as a female politician more than a few times, she is indeed seen as a woman in politics.

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VI HITTADE DEN I BYRÅN

The purpose of the study was firstly to describe the use of news articles from the largest Swedish news agency, TT Nyhetsbyrån, in four Swedish newspapers. Secondly, the purpose was to see if there was a homogenization of which TT-articles that was used. This was carried out by examining articles on the newspapers’ local, domestic and foreign pages. The newspapers that was chosen were Aftonbladet, Dagens Nyheter, Göteborgs-Posten and Nerikes Allehanda. They were chosen due to their size and their coverage area. This was because of a hypothesis that larger newspapers in general have more resources and should therefore not be as dependent on material from news agencies. As for the coverage area, the chosen newspapers were divided into two local and two nationwide, to be easier to compare in those categories. The theoretical premises for the study was first and foremost the normative demands of journalism in a democracy and were based on the theories regarding information value, brought forth by Kent Asp, as well as other theories regarding normative demands. Previous research in the area is somewhat frugal even though there are quite a few previous studies that have examined TT. The study was a quantitative content analysis carried out through a template by own construction. The four chosen newspapers were analyzed between 14-18 October 2013. These dates were determined by a pilot study where Aftonbladet and Dagens Nyheter had been analyzed throughout the year 2013. The conclusion drawn from the pilot study was that the medium number of TT-articles in the newspapers appeared in October, which is why those dates were chosen. The results of the study showed that 41 percent of the analyzed articles were produced by TT, while 56 percent was produced by the newspaper itself. 3 percent of the articles had no byline. However, on the local pages, the amount of articles from TT was only 9 percent, while the amount on the domestic and foreign pages were 53 and 49 percent. When it comes to the homogenization of articles, it was shown that out of 189 separate TTarticles, 4 occurred in three of the newspapers, 43 occurred in two of the newspapers and the remaining 142 TT-articles were found in one of the newspapers. In conclusion, the study showed that by the study itself it is impossible to determine whether or not the normative demands of journalism were upheld by the newspapers use of TT-material. This was to some extent due to the possibility of different interpretations of the results.

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BLAND HIVMÄN OCH AIDSOFFER

This study examines how the Swedish newspapers Dagens Nyheter and Aftonbladet report about hiv and aids. We start our analysis in the summer of 1987 when the famous designer Sigshten Herrgård reveals that he is hiv-infected, which causes a massive press coverage. To see how the reporting changes over time we compare the articles from that summer with how the epidemic was covered by the press in 1997 and 2007. Totally we have studied 355 articles. We chose the theme partly because of Torka aldrig tårar utan handskar (2012), a Swedish tv-serie about the lives and deaths of young homosexuals in Stockholm in the 80’s. It is based on a book serie written by the author and playwright Jonas Gardell who is critical to how media covered hiv and aids when it first came to Sweden. According to him the reporting was alarming and he refers to an article that described hiv as a punishment for people with an immoral lifestyle – homosexuals, prostitutes and drug addicts. We wanted to see if this really was what the reporting was like in the 80’s and what have changed since then. Our results shows that Dagens Nyheter and Aftonbladet often mention homosexuals, drug addicts and prostitutes in the reporting about hiv and aids. It is most common in 1987 but risky groups can be found in some of the articles from 1997 and 2007 as well. We can also see that the hiv-infected people very seldom get to express their view about the issue, instead it is experts, organizations and authorities that are the main actors as subjects in the reporting. We can determine that journalists often use words with a negative value in the articles about hiv and aids, such as promiscuous, non-human and reckless attitude. There has been an increasing amount of people getting hiv in Sweden, while the amount of articles in Dagens Nyheter and Aftonbladet have decreased.

Everything can be solved with 50 000 colones

High freedom of the press equals low corruption. This according to earlier studies trying to figure out the connection between these two factors. But there are countries that don’t fit into this assumption and Costa Rica is one example. With this study we have tried to get an understanding of how a country can have both high corruption and high freedom of the press. Our theoretical base has been theories about corruption and freedom of the press. We also believe that it’s relevant to problematize the measures of freedom of the press since they only build on different criteria decided by political scientists and economists. No consideration is taken to the context the journalists works in, which are different for almost every country. We have also used theories about commercialisation and journalism as a fourth estate. Our result is based on ten interviews with costaricans. We chose the perspective of the recipients because we wanted an impartial view on how media reports about corruption, the costaricans opinios about the journalist role and how they experience corruption in their every day life. To analyse our result we used four themes: mediaconsumtion, newsreporting, experiences of corruption and the role of the journalist. Our conclusions from this study are that even though a country live up to criterias as high democracy, well developed economy and official independence from the government there are other factors that can limit and affect the journalists possibility to report independentely. Culture and commercialisation are two examples that have a big impact on the newsreporting in Costa Rica. If a country doesn’t have a history of impartial and investigating journalism it can be hard to apply it into the journalistic work. Another conclusion is that if a country has a long history of corruption, regulations are not enough. Instead normative changes are needed, which can be achieved through education and informing the population about their rights and the governments responsibilites. But there is also a risk, that if people dont feel any faith in institutions like goverment and media, they start to accept corruption as a part of their lives.

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Världen anropar

Title: The World is Calling – A study of international news flow into swedish newspapers Authors: Ida Mikko & Daniel Ågren Level: Bachelor of Journalism Location: University of Gothenburg Language: Swedish Number of pages: 27 This essay aims to investigate the international news flow into Sweden through the key national news agency TT (Tidningarnas Telegrambyrå) and further through four major Swedish newspapers onto the public market. Our chosen method is a quantitative content analysis where we look at the output from TT and aforementioned newspapers with the goal to study and analyze differences. The relevancy of this topic can be explained through agenda setting theory, which shows us that the media has a powerful impact on public opinion and the political agenda. In an increasingly globalized world, no country stands alone. Swedish foreign news stems to a great extent from international news services (gathered through TT or directly by the newspapers themselves). More in detail, our study examines representation in terms of geography, topics, and primary sources in our analyzed media. We have found previous research which suggests that Swedish foreign news reporting strongly corresponds with the large international bureaus. Given the amount of material TT gathers from these agencies, TT gets to act as a primary and important gatekeeper to the Swedish language sphere in many cases. The examined newspapers show many similarities with TT in terms of news selection, however we also discovered some surprising differences which will be discussed in the essay.

Retro

Det finns tidskrifter och magasin som slår igenom över en natt. De som skapar nya former och en ny slags journalistik. Det är de där som du ser allra först när du når tidningsstället, vare sig du befinner dig i matbutiken eller på Press Stop. Andra börjar i tysthet, för att lika obemärkt lämna tidningshyllorna utan att saknas av någon. Vissa magasin lever enbart på bidrag, andra jagar annonsörer och sponsorer eller försöker hitta nya vägar till prenumeranterna. Gemensamt för dem alla är att de är en del av en bransch där hög konkurrens slår ut de svagaste med en gång. Det här examensarbetet utforskar förutsättningarna för att starta ett helt nytt magasin nischat mot retrokultur. Hur utformar man ett hållbart och brett koncept?